Literature review The primary function of calcium hydroxide as a routine intracanal medicament is to provide antimicrobial activity. Although the overall mechanism of action of calcium hydroxide is not fully understood, its antimicrobial activity is influenced by its speed of dissociation into calcium and hydroxyl ions in a high pH environment which inhibits enzymatic activities that are essential to microbial life, … Tertiary dentinogenesis with calcium hydroxide: A review of proposed mechanisms P. Sangwan, A. Sangwan, J. Duhan & A. Rohilla Department of Conservative Dentistry, Government Dental College, Pt. It has been suggested that a rise in pH as a result of the free hydroxyl ions may initiate or favour mineralization (Tronstad et al. ... transport of electrons and oxidative phosphorylation, the authors believe that hydroxyl ions from calcium hydroxide develop their mechanism of action in the cytoplasmic membrane. Calcium hydroxide is believed to effect pulp repair by one or more of several mechanisms of action. Extracellular enzymes act on nutrients, carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids that, through hydrolysis, favor digestion. B.D. The antibacterial action of calcium hydroxide makes these cements useful in indirect pulp-capping procedures involving carious dentin. Calcium hydroxide possesses antibacterial properties, and this can minimize or eliminate bacterial penetration to the pulp. The mechanism by which calcium hydroxide initiates the reparative process is unclear. MTA had been likened to calcium hydroxide (Holland et al. After a …
88 Traditionally, it has been believed that calcium hydroxide’s high pH causes irritation of the pulp tissue, which stimulates repair via some unknown mechanism. One experimental and one control group were studied: the experimental group included one plate with the bacterial species as well as one open plate containing 32 g calcium hydroxide paste at a mixing ratio of 6:4. The mineralizing action of calcium hydroxide has been attributed in part to release of hydroxyl ions and the resultant alkaline pH that may also neutralize acids, produce bactericidal effects and cause denaturation of bacteria-derived products (Sangwan et al., 2013). Mechanism of Action of Sodium Hypochlorite . The mechanism of calcium hydroxide action can be altered in the presence of carbon dioxide (weak oxidec acid) which, by means of chemical reaction, transforms itself into calcium carbonate. The purpose of this article is to review the properties, mechanism of action, applications, advantages, disadvantages and various indications for the use of calcium hydroxide in endodontics.
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