Recently, such multiple populations have been detected in $\sim$2 Gyr old compact, massive star clusters. 47 Tuc is about 4,600 parsecs distant.
Smaller groups of stars are seen interacting and merging together to form the final cluster over millions of years of cosmic time. Many theories of globular cluster formation have treated these objects, at least implicitly, as the products of a special process or a restrictive set of initial conditions that held specifically in pregalactic or protogalactic environments.
It is thought that globular clusters formed very early in the vast halo surrounding the nascent galaxy before it flattened to form the spiral disc. As with open clusters, stars in globular clusters probably had a common origin. Imaging and spectroscopy with the and large ground-based telescopes have together established that most galaxies have bimodal color distributions that reflect two subpopulations of old GCs: metal-poor and metal-rich. The gas (left) and stars (right) shown in a simulation of globular cluster formation. The specific frequencies of globular cluster systems, S_N~N_tot/L_V,gal~M_gcs/M_stars, are discussed in terms of their connection to the efficiency of globular cluster formation in galaxy halos, which is claimed to reflect a generic aspect of the star formation process as it operates even at the current epoch. The stars are about 10 billion years old so many are red giants or white dwarfs.
Globular cluster (GC) systems have now been studied in galaxies ranging from dwarfs to giants and spanning the full Hubble sequence of morphological types. There are about 150 known globular clusters in the Milky Way. Studying globular star clusters is critical to understanding the early, intense star-forming episodes that mark galaxy formation.
Globular clusters tell tale of star formation Study shows development is more efficient closer to the dense center of Virgo's cluster of galaxies. Star formation would have stopped in these clusters maybe 13 billion years ago, so only old stars are expected to be found there. However, a number of studies have since shown that many of the Milky Way’s globular clusters are made up of at least two distinct populations of stars and had far more complex formation …
A distant globular cluster that's home to dozens of fast-rotating stars could provide new clues about the formation of the Milky Way and the gas halo that surrounds the galaxy.. The discovery of young globular clusters in merging galaxies and other environments provides an opportunity to study directly the process of globular cluster formation. The discovery of young globular clusters in merging galaxies and other environments provides an opportunity to study directly the process of globular cluster formation.
The formation of globular clusters (GCs) remains one of the main unsolved problems in star and galaxy formation. "Star formation near the core of Virgo is very intense and occurs in a small volume over a short amount of time," Peng noted. The globular cluster 47 Tuc from the ground-based AAT and the HST. Globular clusters are known to host multiple populations of stars with variations in their chemical abundances.
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