Saint; King of NORWAY. He is also recognized as the patron saint of the Faroe Islands.[23][24]. Olaf II Haraldsson (Old Norse: Óláfr Haraldsson) (995 – July 29, 1030) was king of Norway from 1015 to 1028, (known during his lifetime as "the Big" (Óláfr Digre) and after his canonization as Saint Olaf or Olaus). [21] The codification of Christianity as the legal religion of Norway was attributed to Olaf, and his legal arrangements for the Church of Norway came to stand so high in the Norwegian people's and clergy's eyes that when Pope Gregory VII attempted to make clerical celibacy binding on the priests of Western Europe in 1074–75, Norwegians largely ignored it, since there was no mention of clerical celibacy in Olaf's legal code for their church. Norský či Olaf II.Haraldsson (995, Ringerike – 29. července 1030), byl norský král v letech 1015 až 1028.Během jeho života se mu přezdívalo Tlustý a po jeho kanonizaci začal být znám jako Svatý Olaf. [7], Olaf Haraldsson had the given name Óláfr in Old Norse (etymology: Anu- "forefather", -laibaR —"heir"). He was posthumously given the title Rex Perpetuus Norvegiae Eternal King of Norway) and canonised in Nidaros (Trondheim) by Bishop Grimkell, one year after his death in the Battle of Stiklestad on 29 July 1030. Media in category "Olaf II of Norway" The following 5 files are in this category, out of 5 total. [18] [9] He stayed for some time in the Swedish province of Nerike, where, according to local legend, he baptised many locals. The oldest is the Glælognskviða or "Sea-Calm Poem", composed by Þórarinn loftunga, an Icelander. Eysteinn Erlendsson is commonly believed to have written. [8], St. Olaf was born in Ringerike,[9] the son of Åsta Gudbrandsdatter and Harald Grenske, a petty king in Vestfold,[2] whom later Icelandic sagas would describe as a great-great-grandchild of Harald Fairhair, Norway's first king. For other uses, see, "Olaf the Stout" redirects here. [12], It is said that Olaf participated alongside fellow Viking Thorkell the Tall in the Siege of Canterbury in 1011.[13]. The Norwegian synoptic histories also mention Olaf. Olaf was born in 995, the son of Åsta Gudbrandsdatter and Harald Grenske, great-great-grandchild of Harald Fairhair, the first king of Norway. (Etymology: Anu - "forefather", Leifr - "heir".) 995 Died: 1030 k. in Battle. The texts used for the liturgical celebration of St. Olaf during most of the Middle Ages were probably compiled or written by Eystein Erlendsson, the second Archbishop of Nidaros (1161–1189). The union produced a daughter, Wulfhild, who married Ordulf, Duke of Saxony in 1042. 995. He was probably the only one of the missionary bishops left in the country at the time of Olaf's death, and he stood behind the translation and beatification of Olaf on 3 August 1031. Olaf II Haraldsson, also called Saint Olaf, Norwegian Hellig-Olav, (born c. 995—died July 29, 1030, Stiklestad, Norway; feast day July 29), the first effective king of all Norway and the country’s patron saint, who achieved a 12-year respite from Danish domination and extensively increased the acceptance of Christianity. This calls for an explanation of the status he gained after his death. Another St. Olave's Church south of London Bridge gave its name to Tooley Street and to the St Olave's Poor Law Union, later the Metropolitan Borough of Bermondsey: its workhouse in Rotherhithe became St Olave's Hospital and then an old people's home a few hundred metres from St Olav's Church, which is the Norwegian Church in London. Olaf II Haraldsson, also called Saint Olaf, Norwegian Hellig-Olav, (born c. 995—died July 29, 1030, Stiklestad, Norway; feast day July 29), the first effective king of all Norway and the country’s patron saint, who achieved a 12-year respite from Danish domination and extensively increased the acceptance of Christianity. A Pilgrim's Office in Oslo gives advice to pilgrims, and a Pilgrim Centre in Trondheim, under the aegis of the Cathedral, awards certificates to pilgrims when they complete their journeys. Skaldic poetry suggests he led a successful seaborne attack that took down London Bridge, though Anglo-Saxon sources do not confirm this. This became typical of Scandinavian monarchies. Returning to Norway in 1015, Olaf conquered territory that had previously been held by Denmark, Sweden, and the Norwegian earl Haakon of Lade; by 1016 he had consolidated his rule in all Norway. It praises Olaf and mentions some of the famous miracles attributed to him. On the way home he wintered with Duke Richard II of Normandy. rsta was born circa 970, in Vestfold, Norway. For the video game character, see. It seems that, like many Scandinavian kings, Olaf used his Christianity to gain more power for the monarchy and centralise control in Norway. Early depictions of Olaf portray him as clean-shaven, but after 1200 he appears with a red beard, which may have been absorbed from Thor. Olaf seized the opportunity to win back the kingdom, but he fell in 1030 at the Battle of Stiklestad, where some of his own subjects from central Norway took arms against him. A widely used account of Olaf's life is found in Heimskringla from c. 1225. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Norsemen had conquered this region in 881. This English cult seems to have been short-lived. In 1019 Olaf married Astrid Olofsdotter, King Olof's illegitimate daughter and the half-sister of his former fiancée. Olaf saw it as his calling to unite Norway into one kingdom, as Harald Fairhair had largely succeeded in doing. Olav II Haraldsson (oma eluajal tuntud ... Elulugu. In Norway today, he is commonly called Olav den hellige (Bokmål; Olaf the Holy) or Heilage-Olav (Nynorsk; the Holy Olaf) in honour of his sainthood. [a] The cult of Olaf unified the country and consolidated the christianisation of Norway. [36] But the shrine did not last. [35], In Germany, there used to be a shrine of St. Olaf in Koblenz. His name in Icelandic is Ólafur, i… PM Churchill's 26-Great Grandfather. It was originally a gift presented to Pope Leo XIII in 1893 for the golden jubilee of his ordination as a bishop by Norwegian nobleman and papal chamberlain Baron Wilhelm Wedel-Jarlsberg. Olav (Haraldsson) den Hellige (ur.995, zm. Olaf Haraldsson had the given name Óláfr in Old Norse. His religious code of 1024 is considered to represent Norway’s first national legislation. Narodil se v roce, kdy se Olaf Tryggvason vrátil do Norska a ujal se vlády. Olaf Haraldsson was born circa 995, at birth place, to Harald Gudrødsson Grenske and Åsta "Astrid" Grenske (born Gudbrandsdottir). His popularity spread rapidly; churches and shrines were constructed in his honour in England, Sweden, and Rome. He is sometimes referred to as Rex Perpet… The basilica of Sant'Ambrogio e Carlo al Corso in Rome has a Chapel of St Olav. His remains were enshrined in Nidaros Cathedral, built over his burial site. Saint Olaf is symbolised by the axe in Norway's coat of arms and Olsok (29 July) is still his day of celebration. Died Olaf himself is portrayed in later sources as a saintly miracle-working figure to help support this quick view of conversion for Norway, but the historical Olaf did not act this way, as seen especially in the skaldic verses attributed to him. Olaf II Haraldsson ( 995-July 29 1030 ),a.k.a, Saint Olaf, was King of Norway from 1015-28 . St. Olaf was widely popular throughout Scandinavia. Olaf was driven into exile in Kievan Rus. [40] Like Freyr, he became associated with fertility, which led to his adoption as a patron saint by farmers, fishermen, sailors and merchants of the Hanseatic League, who turned to him for good yield and protection. During his lifetime he was known as Olaf 'the fat' or 'the stout' or simply as Olaf 'the big' (Ólafr digri; Modern Norwegian Olav digre). In 1026 he lost the Battle of the Helgeå,[citation needed] and in 1029 the Norwegian nobles, seething with discontent, supported the invasion of King Cnut the Great of Denmark. n. [30] Another took place on the day of his death, when a blind man regained his sight after rubbing his eyes with hands stained with Olaf's blood. Maud of Wales, daughter of King Edward VII of the United Kingdom, was the mother of King Olav V of Norway, so Olav and his son Harald V, the present king of Norway, are descended from Olaf. It is likely that whatever formal or informal veneration of Olaf as a saint may have existed in Nidaros before that was emphasised and formalised on this occasion. [26] But large stone crosses and other Christian symbols suggest that at least Norway's coastal areas were deeply influenced by Christianity long before Olaf's time; with one exception, all of Norway's rulers since Håkon the Good (c. 920–961) were Christians, as was Olaf's main opponent, Cnut the Great. What seems clear is that Olaf made efforts to establish a church organization on a broader scale than before, among other things by importing bishops from England, Normandy and Germany, and that he tried to enforce Christianity in the inland areas, which had the least communication with the rest of Europe, and which economically were more strongly based on agriculture, so that the inclination to hold on to the former fertility cult was stronger than in the more diversified and expansive western parts of Norway. Also, Olaf and Grimkell most likely did not introduce new ecclesiastical laws to Norway; these were ascribed to Olaf at a later date. Grimkell was later appointed bishop in the diocese of Selsey in southeastern England. [32] Apart from the early traces of a cult in England, there are only scattered references to him outside the Nordic area. But their regency was unpopular, and when Olaf's illegitimate son Magnus ('the Good') laid claim to the Norwegian throne, Svein and Ælfgifu were forced to flee. Ta ristiti Rouenis, kus ta oleks pidanud kohtama benetiktiinlikku suundumust. He was killed in battle, and regarded by Norwegians as the great champion of national independence and a martyr. The main route, approximately 640 km long, starts in the ancient part of Oslo and heads north, along Lake Mjosa, up the Gudbrandsdal Valley, over Dovrefjell and down the Orkdal Valley, ending at Nidaros Cathedral in Trondheim. Son of Harald Grenske, a petty king in Vestfold, Norway,[2] he was posthumously given the title Rex Perpetuus Norvegiae (English: Eternal/Perpetual King of Norway) and canonised at Nidaros (Trondheim) by Bishop Grimkell, one year after his death in the Battle of Stiklestad on 29 July 1030. He was posthumously given the title Rex Perpetuus Norvegiae (English: Eternal/Perpetual King of Norway) and canonised at Nidaros by Bishop Grimkell, one year after his death in the Battle of Stiklestad on 29 July 1030. During his reign, the nation of Norway experienced a rare extended period of peace. In 1029, King Cnut's Norwegian regent, Jarl Håkon Eiriksson, was lost at sea. He was said to have healing power, which attracted people to his shrine, and various springs were claimed to have sprung forth where he or his body had been. [14][15][16] The journey resulted in the Battle at Herdaler, where Olaf and his men were ambushed in the woods. Jump to: General, Art, Business, Computing, Medicine, Miscellaneous, Religion, Science, Slang, Sports, Tech, Phrases We found 6 dictionaries with English definitions that include the word olaf ii haraldsson: Click on the first link on a line below to go directly to a page where "olaf ii haraldsson" is defined. Thus St. Olaf was also the last saint venerated by both the Western and Eastern churches before the Great Schism. But Olaf's success was short-lived. A notable one is The Passion and the Miracles of the Blessed Olafr.[11]. Olaf’s popularity, his church work, and the aura of legend that surrounded his death, which was supposedly accompanied by miracles, led to his canonization in 1031. Corrections? He is sometimes called Rex Perpetuus Norvegiae (English: "Norway's Eternal King"), a designation which goes back to the 13th century. Canute forced Olaf to flee to Russia (1028), where the Norwegian ruler took refuge with his Swedish wife’s relatives.